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python爬虫开发之使用Python爬虫库requests多线程抓取猫眼电影TOP100实例

这篇文章主要介绍了python爬虫开发之使用Python爬虫库requests多线程抓取猫眼电影TOP100实例,需要的朋友可以参考下

使用Python爬虫库requests多线程抓取猫眼电影TOP100思路:

  1. 查看网页源代码
  2. 抓取单页内容
  3. 正则表达式提取信息
  4. 猫眼TOP100所有信息写入文件
  5. 多线程抓取
  • 运行平台:windows
  • Python版本:Python 3.7.
  • IDE:Sublime Text
  • 浏览器:Chrome浏览器

1.查看猫眼电影TOP100网页原代码

按F12查看网页源代码发现每一个电影的信息都在“

”标签之中。

点开之后,信息如下:

2.抓取单页内容

在浏览器中打开猫眼电影网站,点击“榜单”,再点击“TOP100榜”如下图:

接下来通过以下代码获取网页源代码:

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
 
#猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施,设置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
	'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
	'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
	'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
	'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
	}
 
#爬取网页源代码
def get_one_page(url,headers):
	try:
		response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
		if response.status_code == 200:
			return response.text
		return None
	except RequestsException:
		return None
 
def main():
	url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4"
	html = get_one_page(url,headers)
	print(html)
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
	main()

执行结果如下:

3.正则表达式提取信息

上图标示信息即为要提取的信息,代码实现如下:

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
 
#猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施,设置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
	'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
	'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
	'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
	'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
	}
 
#爬取网页源代码
def get_one_page(url,headers):
	try:
		response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
		if response.status_code == 200:
			return response.text
		return None
	except RequestsException:
		return None
 
#正则表达式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
	pattern = re.compile('
.*?board-index.*?>(\d+).*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name">(.*?).*?star">(.*?)

.*?releasetime">(.*?)

.*?integer">(.*?).*?fraction">(.*?).*?
',re.S) items = re.findall(pattern,html) for item in items: yield{ 'index':item[0], 'image':item[1], 'title':item[2], 'actor':item[3].strip()[3:], 'time':item[4].strip()[5:], 'score':item[5]+item[6] } def main(): url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4" html = get_one_page(url,headers) for item in parse_one_page(html): print(item) if __name__ == '__main__': main()

执行结果如下:

4.猫眼TOP100所有信息写入文件

上边代码实现单页的信息抓取,要想爬取100个电影的信息,先观察每一页url的变化,点开每一页我们会发现url进行变化,原url后面多了‘?offset=0',且offset的值变化从0,10,20,变化如下:

代码实现如下:

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
import json
import os
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
 
#猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施,设置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
	'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
	'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
	'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
	'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
	}
 
#爬取网页源代码
def get_one_page(url,headers):
	try:
		response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
		if response.status_code == 200:
			return response.text
		return None
	except RequestsException:
		return None
 
#正则表达式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
	pattern = re.compile('
.*?board-index.*?>(\d+).*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name">(.*?).*?star">(.*?)

.*?releasetime">(.*?)

.*?integer">(.*?).*?fraction">(.*?).*?
',re.S) items = re.findall(pattern,html) for item in items: yield{ 'index':item[0], 'image':item[1], 'title':item[2], 'actor':item[3].strip()[3:], 'time':item[4].strip()[5:], 'score':item[5]+item[6] } #猫眼TOP100所有信息写入文件 def write_to_file(content): #encoding ='utf-8',ensure_ascii =False,使写入文件的代码显示为中文 with open('result.txt','a',encoding ='utf-8') as f: f.write(json.dumps(content,ensure_ascii =False)+'\n') f.close() #下载电影封面 def save_image_file(url,path): jd = requests.get(url) if jd.status_code == 200: with open(path,'wb') as f: f.write(jd.content) f.close() def main(offset): url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset="+str(offset) html = get_one_page(url,headers) if not os.path.exists('covers'): os.mkdir('covers') for item in parse_one_page(html): print(item) write_to_file(item) save_image_file(item['image'],'covers/'+item['title']+'.jpg') if __name__ == '__main__': #对每一页信息进行爬取 for i in range(10): main(i*10)

爬取结果如下:

5.多线程抓取

进行比较,发现多线程爬取时间明显较快:

多线程:

以下为完整代码:

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-
import requests
import re
import json
import os
from requests.exceptions import RequestException
from multiprocessing import Pool
#猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施,设置headers后可以爬取
headers = {
	'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8',
	'Origin':'https://maoyan.com',
	'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4',
	'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
	}
 
#爬取网页源代码
def get_one_page(url,headers):
	try:
		response =requests.get(url,headers =headers)
		if response.status_code == 200:
			return response.text
		return None
	except RequestsException:
		return None
 
#正则表达式提取信息
def parse_one_page(html):
	pattern = re.compile('
.*?board-index.*?>(\d+).*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name">(.*?).*?star">(.*?)

.*?releasetime">(.*?)

.*?integer">(.*?).*?fraction">(.*?).*?
',re.S) items = re.findall(pattern,html) for item in items: yield{ 'index':item[0], 'image':item[1], 'title':item[2], 'actor':item[3].strip()[3:], 'time':item[4].strip()[5:], 'score':item[5]+item[6] } #猫眼TOP100所有信息写入文件 def write_to_file(content): #encoding ='utf-8',ensure_ascii =False,使写入文件的代码显示为中文 with open('result.txt','a',encoding ='utf-8') as f: f.write(json.dumps(content,ensure_ascii =False)+'\n') f.close() #下载电影封面 def save_image_file(url,path): jd = requests.get(url) if jd.status_code == 200: with open(path,'wb') as f: f.write(jd.content) f.close() def main(offset): url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset="+str(offset) html = get_one_page(url,headers) if not os.path.exists('covers'): os.mkdir('covers') for item in parse_one_page(html): print(item) write_to_file(item) save_image_file(item['image'],'covers/'+item['title']+'.jpg') if __name__ == '__main__': #对每一页信息进行爬取 pool = Pool() pool.map(main,[i*10 for i in range(10)]) pool.close() pool.join()

本文主要讲解了使用Python爬虫库requests多线程抓取猫眼电影TOP100数据的实例,更多关于Python爬虫库的知识请查看下面的相关链接

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