Django开发的简易留言板案例详解

django-admin.py startproject message

python manager.py startapp guestbook

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["*"]
INSTALLED_APPS = [
  'django.contrib.admin',
  'django.contrib.auth',
  'django.contrib.contenttypes',
  'django.contrib.sessions',
  'django.contrib.messages',
  'django.contrib.staticfiles',
  'guestbook',  #刚刚创建的APP，加入到此项目中
]
#数据库默认用sqlite3,后期可以换成MySQL或者SQL Server等
TIME_ZONE = 'PRC' #时区设置为中国

#encoding: utf-8
from django.db import models
class Message(models.Model):
  username=models.CharField(max_length=256)
  title=models.CharField(max_length=512)
  content=models.TextField(max_length=256)
  publish=models.DateTimeField()
  #为了显示
  def __str__(self):
    tpl = ''
    return tpl.format(username=self.username, title=self.title, content=self.content, publish=self.publish)

# 1. 创建更改的文件
root@python:/online/message# python3 manage.py makemigrations
Migrations for 'guestbook':
 guestbook/migrations/0001_initial.py
  - Create model Message
# 2. 将生成的py文件应用到数据库
root@python:/online/message# python3 manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
 Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, guestbook, sessions
Running migrations:
 Applying contenttypes.0001_initial... OK
 Applying auth.0001_initial... OK
 Applying admin.0001_initial... OK
 Applying admin.0002_logentry_remove_auto_add... OK
 Applying contenttypes.0002_remove_content_type_name... OK
 Applying auth.0002_alter_permission_name_max_length... OK
 Applying auth.0003_alter_user_email_max_length... OK
 Applying auth.0004_alter_user_username_opts... OK
 Applying auth.0005_alter_user_last_login_null... OK
 Applying auth.0006_require_contenttypes_0002... OK
 Applying auth.0007_alter_validators_add_error_messages... OK
 Applying auth.0008_alter_user_username_max_length... OK
 Applying guestbook.0001_initial... OK
 Applying sessions.0001_initial... OK

from django.conf.urls import url,include #添加了include
from django.contrib import admin
urlpatterns = [
  url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
  url(r'^guestbook/', include('guestbook.urls',namespace='guestbook')),  #表示在url地址中所有guestbook的都交给guestbook下面的url来处理，后面的逗号不要省略
]

# 内容如下
from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
  url(r'^index/',views.index,name='index'),  #不要忘了逗号
]

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from . import models
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
  messages = models.Message.objects.all()
  return render(request, 'guestbook/index.html', {'messages' : messages})

  
    
    
    
  
  
    
        {% if messages %}
          {% for message in messages %}
            
          {% endfor %}
        {% else %}
          
        {% endif %}
      

      

        

          
留言时间
          
留言者
          
标题
          
内容
        
      
      

              
{{ message.publish|date:'Y-m-d H:i:s' }}
              
{{ message.username }}
              
{{ message.title }}
              
{{ message.content }}
            

            
无数据
          
    
 
    去留言
  

python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:99

  
    
    
    
  
  
    
    
留言
 
    
    

    {% csrf_token %}
      用户名:

标 题:

内 容: 


      
    
  

urlpatterns = [
  url(r'^index/',views.index,name='index'),  #不要忘了逗号
  url(r'^create/$', views.create, name='create'),
  url(r'^save/$', views.save, name='save'), 
]

#先导入时间模块
import datetime
#添加create、save
def create(request):
  return render(request, 'guestbook/create.html')
def save(request):
  username = request.POST.get("username")
  title = request.POST.get("title")
  content = request.POST.get("content")
  publish = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
  message = models.Message(title=title, content=content, username=username, publish=publish)
  message.save()
  return HttpResponseRedirect('/guestbook/index/')