asp.net教程之sql server转换成oracle的方法详解

前言

因为前段时间我们公司项目 要把sql server 转oracle，发现网上这方面的资料较少，所以在这里分享一下心得，也记录一下问题，下面话不多说了，来一起看看详细的介绍：

开始我研究了一段时间 然后下载了

oracle 11g 版本 和 PL/SQL（客户端） 和sql server 不同的是 oracle 没有自己的客户端 需要用第三方的软件运行 PL/SQL 就是一个 sqldeveloper 也是一个，PL/SQL 我觉得比较稳定一点。但是2个都安装的话 刚好互补了

oracle 容易出现 无监听 什么 的错误 可以参考

http://www.jb51.net/article/91184.htm

然后再用

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OracleClient;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace TransplantSQL
{
 public partial class Form1 : Form
 {
 public static string OracleConnectionString = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["OracleConnectionString"];
 public static string SqlServerConnectionString = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["SqlServerConnectionString"];
 public Form1()
 {
  InitializeComponent();
 }

 private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
  OracleConnection con = new OracleConnection(OracleConnectionString);
  try
  {
  con.Open();
  if (con.State == System.Data.ConnectionState.Open)
  {
   label5.Text = "连接成功";
  }
  }
  catch (OracleException se)
  {
  label5.Text = "连接失败";
  }

  finally
  {
  con.Close();
  }
 }

 private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
  SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(SqlServerConnectionString);
  try
  {
  con.Open();
  if (con.State == System.Data.ConnectionState.Open)
  {
   label4.Text = "连接成功";
  }
  }
  catch (SqlException se)
  {
  label4.Text = "连接失败";
  }

  finally
  {
  con.Close();
  }
 }

 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
  if (textBox1.Text == "")
  {
  DataTable tablenames = GetTableNames();
  foreach (DataRow item in tablenames.Rows)
  {
   string tablename = item["Name"].ToString().ToUpper();
   setdata(tablename);
  }
  }
  else
  {
  setdata(textBox1.Text);
  }

  label2.Text = "成功";
 }

 private static void setdata(string tablename)
 {
  // 查找有没有此表 如果没有就加
  int et = Convert.ToInt32(GetSingle("select count(*) from user_tables where table_name = '" + tablename + "'"));
  if (et <= 0)
  {
  DataTable tableInfo = GetTableInfo(tablename);
  string addtablesql = "CREATE TABLE {0}({1})";
  string cs = string.Empty;
  string biaoshi = string.Empty;
  foreach (DataRow citem in tableInfo.Rows)
  {
   cs += citem["字段名"].ToString();
   if (citem["类型"].ToString() == "int" || citem["类型"].ToString() == "bit" || citem["类型"].ToString() == "decimal")
   {
   cs += " NUMBER(" + (Convert.ToInt32(citem["长度"]) > 38 ? 38 : Convert.ToInt32(citem["长度"])) + (Convert.ToInt32(citem["小数位数"])>0?(","+Convert.ToInt32(citem["小数位数"])):"") + ")";
   }
   else if (citem["类型"].ToString() == "nvarchar" || citem["类型"].ToString() == "float")
   {
   cs += " VARCHAR2(" + (Convert.ToInt32(citem["长度"]) == -1 ? 4000 : Convert.ToInt32(citem["长度"]) * 2) + ")";
   }
   else if (citem["类型"].ToString() == "datetime")
   {
   cs += " DATE";
   }
   
   cs += citem["主键"].ToString() == "1" ? " primary key " : "";
   if (citem["标识"].ToString() == "1")
   {
   biaoshi = citem["字段名"].ToString();
   }
   cs += citem["默认值"].ToString() != "" ? " default " + citem["默认值"].ToString() + " " : "";
   cs += citem["允许空"].ToString() == "1" ? "," : " NOT NULL,";
  }
  cs = cs.Substring(0, cs.Length - 1);
  string tempsql = string.Format(addtablesql, tablename, cs);
  GetSingle(tempsql);
  if (biaoshi != string.Empty)
  {
   #region 判断是否有序列号 没有就创建 就是自动标识
   int xuliehao = 0;
   try
   {
   xuliehao = Convert.ToInt32(GetSingle(string.Format(@"select Seq_{0}.nextval from sys.dual", tablename)));
   }
   catch { }
   if (xuliehao <= 0)
   {
   #region 为了让序列不重复 取最大值为min 值
   int max = Convert.ToInt32(GetSingle(string.Format("select max({1}) from {0}", tablename, biaoshi),null));
   #endregion
   string sequence = string.Format(@"create sequence Seq_{0} start with {1} increment by 1 nomaxvalue minvalue 1 nocycle nocache", tablename, (max+1));//创建标识
   GetSingle(sequence);
   }
   #endregion
   #region 创建序列的触发器
   string chufaqisql = string.Format(@"CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER T_{0} 
      BEFORE INSERT ON {0} FOR EACH ROW WHEN (new.{1} is null)
      begin
      select Seq_{0}.nextval into:new.{1} from dual;
      end;", tablename, biaoshi);//创建触发器
   GetSingle(chufaqisql);
   #endregion
   #region 创建唯一约束
   //string weiyisql = string.Format(@"create unique index U_{0} on {0} ({1})", tablename, biaoshi);
   //GetSingle(weiyisql);
   #endregion
  }
  //int count = Convert.ToInt32(GetSingle("SELECT count(1) FROM " + tablename));
  //if (count < 10000)
  //{
  DataSet ds = Query("SELECT * FROM " + tablename);
  DataTable dt = ds.Tables[0];
  string columnsNames = string.Empty;
  string values = string.Empty;
  for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
  {
   columnsNames += dt.Columns[i].ColumnName + ",";

  }
  columnsNames = columnsNames.Substring(0, columnsNames.Length - 1);
  foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)
  {
   values = string.Empty;
   for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
   {
   if (dr[i] != DBNull.Value)
   {
    if (dr[i].ToString() != "")
    {
    if (dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.Double")
     || dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.Decimal")
     || dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.Int32"))
    {
     values += dr[i] + ",";
    }
    else if (dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.String"))
    {
     values += "'" + dr[i].ToString().Replace('\'', '‘') + "',";
    }
    else if (dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.DateTime"))
    {
     values += "to_date('" + dr[i] + "','YYYY/MM/DD HH24:MI:SS'),";
    }
    else if (dt.Columns[i].DataType == Type.GetType("System.Boolean"))
    {
     if (dr[i].ToString() == "False")
     {
     values += "0,";
     }
     else { values += "1,"; }
    }
    }
    else
    {
    values += "chr(32),";
    }
   }
   else
   {
    values += "NULL,";
   }
   }
   values = values.Substring(0, values.Length - 1);
   string osql = "Insert into " + tablename + "(" + columnsNames + ") values(" + values + ")";
   GetSingle(osql);
  }
  //}
  }
 }

 private static DataTable GetTableNames()
 {
  string sql = string.Format(@"SELECT Name FROM SysObjects Where XType='U' ORDER BY Name");
  DataSet ds = Query(sql);
  return ds.Tables[0];
 }
 private static DataTable GetTableInfo(string tableName)
 {
  string sql = string.Format(@"SELECT (case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else null end) 表名, 
  a.colorder 字段序号,a.name 字段名,
  (case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '1'else '' end) 标识, 
  (case when (SELECT count(*) FROM sysobjects 
  WHERE (name in (SELECT name FROM sysindexes 
  WHERE (id = a.id) AND (indid in 
  (SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys 
  WHERE (id = a.id) AND (colid in 
  (SELECT colid FROM syscolumns WHERE (id = a.id) AND (name = a.name))))))) 
  AND (xtype = 'PK'))>0 then '1' else '' end) 主键,b.name 类型,a.length 占用字节数, 
  COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION') as 长度, 
  isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0) as 小数位数,(case when a.isnullable=1 then '1'else '' end) 允许空, 
  REPLACE(REPLACE(isnull(e.text,''),'(',''),')','') 默认值,isnull(g.[value], ' ') AS [说明]
  FROM syscolumns a 
  left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype 
  inner join sysobjects d on a.id=d.id and d.xtype='U' and d.name<>'dtproperties' 
  left join syscomments e on a.cdefault=e.id 
  left join sys.extended_properties g on a.id=g.major_id AND a.colid=g.minor_id
  left join sys.extended_properties f on d.id=f.class and f.minor_id=0
  where b.name is not null
  And d.name='{0}' 
  order by a.id,a.colorder", tableName);
  DataSet ds = Query(sql);
  return ds.Tables[0];
 }

 public static DataSet Query(string SQLString)
 {
  using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(SqlServerConnectionString))
  {
  DataSet ds = new DataSet();
  try
  {
   connection.Open();
   SqlDataAdapter command = new SqlDataAdapter(SQLString, connection);
   command.Fill(ds, "ds");
  }
  catch (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException ex)
  {
   throw new Exception(ex.Message);
  }
  return ds;
  }
 }

 public static object GetSingle(string SQLString)
 {
  using (OracleConnection connection = new OracleConnection(OracleConnectionString))
  {
  using (OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand())
  {
   try
   {
   PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, SQLString, null);
   object obj = cmd.ExecuteScalar();
   cmd.Parameters.Clear();
   if ((Object.Equals(obj, null)) || (Object.Equals(obj, System.DBNull.Value)))
   {
    return null;
   }
   else
   {
    return obj;
   }
   }
   catch (OracleException e)
   {
   throw e;
   }
  }
  }
 }

 private static void PrepareCommand(OracleCommand cmd, OracleConnection conn, OracleTransaction trans, string cmdText, OracleParameter[] cmdParms)
 {
  if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open)
  conn.Open();
  cmd.Connection = conn;
  cmd.CommandText = cmdText;
  if (trans != null)
  cmd.Transaction = trans;
  cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;//cmdType;
  if (cmdParms != null)
  {


  foreach (OracleParameter parameter in cmdParms)
  {
   if ((parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.InputOutput || parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.Input) &&
   (parameter.Value == null))
   {
   parameter.Value = DBNull.Value;
   }
   cmd.Parameters.Add(parameter);
  }
  }
 }

 public static object GetSingle(string SQLString, params SqlParameter[] cmdParms)
 {
  using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(SqlServerConnectionString))
  {
  using (SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand())
  {
   try
   {
   PrepareCommand(cmd, connection, null, SQLString, cmdParms);
   object obj = cmd.ExecuteScalar();
   cmd.Parameters.Clear();
   if ((Object.Equals(obj, null)) || (Object.Equals(obj, System.DBNull.Value)))
   {
    return null;
   }
   else
   {
    return obj;
   }
   }
   catch (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException e)
   {
   throw e;
   }
  }
  }
 }

 private static void PrepareCommand(SqlCommand cmd, SqlConnection conn, SqlTransaction trans, string cmdText, SqlParameter[] cmdParms)
 {
  if (conn.State != ConnectionState.Open)
  conn.Open();
  cmd.Connection = conn;
  cmd.CommandText = cmdText;
  if (trans != null)
  cmd.Transaction = trans;
  cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;//cmdType;
  if (cmdParms != null)
  {


  foreach (SqlParameter parameter in cmdParms)
  {
   if ((parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.InputOutput || parameter.Direction == ParameterDirection.Input) &&
   (parameter.Value == null))
   {
   parameter.Value = DBNull.Value;
   }
   cmd.Parameters.Add(parameter);
  }
  }
 }
 }
}

这个代码适应于我的数据库转换 大家需要的话 可以修改一下

其中oracle 没有自增长的 ，，而是序列 另外序列可以用触发器触发 麻烦了一点 整的来说 还算好啦

然后就是把我原来的程序 字符串链接改成oracle 的链接 上面贴出来了

首先System.Data.SqlClient;引用 改成System.Data.OracleClient;

然后 在看报错的地方通通改掉就行了 从Sql 改为 Oracle 就行

然后我贴出一些 不报错 但是sqlserver 和oracle 不同的地方

查询前多少条数据

select * from (SELECT * FROM Table) where rownum<100

其他格式转化成字符串格式

select to_char(其他格式,字符串格式) 如select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd') from dual

字符串截取

（截取的字符串，开始的位置，长度）

select substr('111222',3,2) from dual

字符串格式转化为时间格式

select to_date('2017-08-03','yyyy-mm-dd') from dual

sql参数化占位符，不能用@用:

SELECT * FROM Table where ID=:ID

系统时间

getdate()改成sysdate

获取当前自动增长列ID

select Seq_Table.currval from dual

Seq_Table是自动增长列的名字，每个表都不一样，所以需要找到当前

表设置的自动增长列对应的名字

都改完之后 等程序不报错了 运行

会出现32和64位的什么破问题 网上各种说法的都有 说项目属性中 改成 X86 X64

但是这些对我都不管用 并且我觉得 这些东西改了之后 会对我原有的项目造成很多问题

所以我研究了很久 最终得出几个结果

首先 如果是控制台 或窗体 程序的话 直接把项目中 首选32位 勾上就行了

Exp sa/123@ORCL file=C:\OracleBack\back_%date:~0,4%%date:~5,2%%date:~8,2%.dmp owner=sa

IMP sa/123 BUFFER=64000 FILE=C:\OracleBack\back_20170821.dmp FROMUSER=SA TOUSER=SA

以上就是asp.net教程之sql server转换成oracle的方法详解的详细内容，更多请关注其它相关文章！