RabbitMQ简单队列实例及原理解析

package com.anqi.mq.nat;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class MyProducer {
  private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "ITEM_QUEUE";

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    //1. 创建一个 ConnectionFactory 并进行设置
    ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
    factory.setHost("localhost");
    factory.setVirtualHost("/");
    factory.setUsername("guest");
    factory.setPassword("guest");

    //2. 通过连接工厂来创建连接
    Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

    //3. 通过 Connection 来创建 Channel
    Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

    //实际场景中，消息多为json格式的对象
    String msg = "hello";
    //4. 发送三条数据
    for (int i = 1; i <= 3 ; i++) {
      channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, msg.getBytes());
      System.out.println("Send message" + i +" : " + msg);
    }

    //5. 关闭连接
    channel.close();
    connection.close();
  }
}

  /**
   * Declare a queue
   * @param queue the name of the queue
   * @param durable true if we are declaring a durable queue (the queue will survive a server restart)
   * @param exclusive true if we are declaring an exclusive queue (restricted to this connection)
   * @param autoDelete true if we are declaring an autodelete queue (server will delete it when no longer in use)
   * @param arguments other properties (construction arguments) for the queue
   * @return a declaration-confirm method to indicate the queue was successfully declared
   * @throws java.io.IOException if an error is encountered
   */
  Queue.DeclareOk queueDeclare(String queue, boolean durable, boolean exclusive, boolean autoDelete,Map arguments) throws IOException;

  /**
   * Publish a message
   * @see com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.Basic.Publish
   * @param exchange the exchange to publish the message to
   * @param routingKey the routing key
   * @param props other properties for the message - routing headers etc
   * @param body the message body
   * @throws java.io.IOException if an error is encountered
   */
  void basicPublish(String exchange, String routingKey, BasicProperties props, byte[] body) throws IOException;


  /**
   * Start a non-nolocal, non-exclusive consumer, with
   * a server-generated consumerTag.
   * @param queue the name of the queue
   * @param autoAck true if the server should consider messages
   * acknowledged once delivered; false if the server should expect
   * explicit acknowledgements
   * @param callback an interface to the consumer object
   * @return the consumerTag generated by the server
   * @throws java.io.IOException if an error is encountered
   * @see com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.Basic.Consume
   * @see com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.Basic.ConsumeOk
   * @see #basicConsume(String, boolean, String, boolean, boolean, Map, Consumer)
   */
  String basicConsume(String queue, boolean autoAck, Consumer callback) throws IOException;

package com.anqi.mq.nat;

import com.rabbitmq.client.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MyConsumer {

  private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "ITEM_QUEUE";

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    //1. 创建一个 ConnectionFactory 并进行设置
    ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
    factory.setHost("localhost");
    factory.setVirtualHost("/");
    factory.setUsername("guest");
    factory.setPassword("guest");

    //2. 通过连接工厂来创建连接
    Connection connection = factory.newConnection();

    //3. 通过 Connection 来创建 Channel
    Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

    //4. 声明一个队列
    channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
    System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");

    /*
      true:表示自动确认，只要消息从队列中获取，无论消费者获取到消息后是否成功消费，都会认为消息已经成功消费
      false:表示手动确认，消费者获取消息后，服务器会将该消息标记为不可用状态，等待消费者的反馈，如果消费者一
      直没有反馈，那么该消息将一直处于不可用状态，并且服务器会认为该消费者已经挂掉，不会再给其发送消息，
      直到该消费者反馈。
    */

    //5. 创建消费者并接收消息
    Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
      @Override
      public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope,
                    AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body)
          throws IOException {
        String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");
        System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
      }
    };

    //6. 设置 Channel 消费者绑定队列
    channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);

  }
}

Send message1 : hello
Send message2 : hello
Send message3 : hello

 [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C
 [x] Received 'hello'
 [x] Received 'hello'
 [x] Received 'hello'

    
      com.rabbitmq
      amqp-client
      5.6.0
        
        
      org.springframework.amqp
      spring-rabbit
      2.1.5.RELEASE
    

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/rabbit-context.xml");
    AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate = app.getBean(AmqpTemplate.class);
    amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("MY-QUEUE", "Item");
    String msg = (String) amqpTemplate.receiveAndConvert("MY-QUEUE");
    System.out.println(msg);
  }
}

/**
 * Convert a Java object to an Amqp {@link Message} and send it to a specific exchange
 * with a specific routing key.
 *
 * @param exchange the name of the exchange
 * @param routingKey the routing key
 * @param message a message to send
 * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
 */
void convertAndSend(String exchange, String routingKey, Object message) throws AmqpException;
/**
   * Receive a message if there is one from a specific queue and convert it to a Java
   * object. Returns immediately, possibly with a null value.
   *
   * @param queueName the name of the queue to poll
   * @return a message or null if there is none waiting
   * @throws AmqpException if there is a problem
   */
@Nullable
Object receiveAndConvert(String queueName) throws AmqpException;