Python爬虫库requests获取响应内容、响应状态码、响应头

import requests

r = requests.get('https://www.baidu.com')
r.text # 通过文本的形式获取响应内容

'\r\n   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
       
 
 
 
 æ\x96°é\x97» hao123 å\x9c°å\x9b¾ è§\x86é￠\x91 è′′å\x90§   æ\x9b′å¤\x9aäo§å\x93\x81 
 
 
 
 
 
 å\x853äo\x8eç\x99¾åo| About Baidu 
 
©2017 Baidu ä½¿ç\x94¨ç\x99¾åo|å\x89\x8då¿\x85èˉ»  æ\x84\x8fè§\x81å\x8f\x8dé|\x88 äo¬ICPèˉ\x81030173å\x8f·   
 
 
 
  \r\n'

r.encoding

'ISO-8859-1'

r.content # 通过content获取的内容便是二进制类型的

r.json()

r = requests.get('https://www.baidu.com',stream=True)
print(r.raw) # 就是urllib中的HTTPResponse对象
print(r.raw.read(10))

b'\x1f\x8b\x08\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x03'

r = requests.get('https://www.baidu.com')
r.status_code

200

r.status_code == requests.codes.ok

True

bad_r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/status/404')
print(bad_r.status_code)
bad_r.raise_for_status()

404



---------------------------------------------------------------------------

HTTPError                 Traceback (most recent call last)

 in ()
   1 bad_r = requests.get('http://httpbin.org/status/404')
   2 print(bad_r.status_code)
----> 3 bad_r.raise_for_status()


D:\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\models.py in raise_for_status(self)
  926 
  927     if http_error_msg:
--> 928       raise HTTPError(http_error_msg, response=self)
  929 
  930   def close(self):


HTTPError: 404 Client Error: NOT FOUND for url: http://httpbin.org/status/404

r = requests.get('https://www.baidu.com')
r.headers

{'Cache-Control': 'private, no-cache, no-store, proxy-revalidate, no-transform', 'Connection': 'Keep-Alive', 'Content-Encoding': 'gzip', 'Content-Type': 'text/html', 'Date': 'Mon, 23 Jul 2018 09:04:12 GMT', 'Last-Modified': 'Mon, 23 Jan 2017 13:23:51 GMT', 'Pragma': 'no-cache', 'Server': 'bfe/1.0.8.18', 'Set-Cookie': 'BDORZ=27315; max-age=86400; domain=.baidu.com; path=/', 'Transfer-Encoding': 'chunked'}

print(r.headers['Server'])
print(r.headers.get('Server'))

bfe/1.0.8.18
bfe/1.0.8.18