我有一个用C#编写的标准.NET Windows服务.
它可以在不使用InstallUtil的情况下自行安装吗？我应该使用服务安装程序类吗？我该怎么用？
我希望能够拨打以下电话:
MyService.exe -install
它将具有与调用相同的效果:
InstallUtil MyService.exe
Marc Gravell.. 154
是的,这是完全可能的(即我这样做); 你只需要引用正确的dll(System.ServiceProcess.dll)并添加一个安装程序类......
这是一个例子:
[RunInstaller(true)]
public sealed class MyServiceInstallerProcess : ServiceProcessInstaller
{
public MyServiceInstallerProcess()
{
this.Account = ServiceAccount.NetworkService;
}
}
[RunInstaller(true)]
public sealed class MyServiceInstaller : ServiceInstaller
{
public MyServiceInstaller()
{
this.Description = "Service Description";
this.DisplayName = "Service Name";
this.ServiceName = "ServiceName";
this.StartType = System.ServiceProcess.ServiceStartMode.Automatic;
}
}
static void Install(bool undo, string[] args)
{
try
{
Console.WriteLine(undo ? "uninstalling" : "installing");
using (AssemblyInstaller inst = new AssemblyInstaller(typeof(Program).Assembly, args))
{
IDictionary state = new Hashtable();
inst.UseNewContext = true;
try
{
if (undo)
{
inst.Uninstall(state);
}
else
{
inst.Install(state);
inst.Commit(state);
}
}
catch
{
try
{
inst.Rollback(state);
}
catch { }
throw;
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.Error.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
+ 1d,另见http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1449994/inno-setup-for-windows-service (18认同)
@MarcGravell你应该在这里包含代码,因为如果没有它,这个答案就不是很有用了. (5认同)
adrianbanks.. 39
看一下ManagedInstaller类的InstallHelper方法.您可以使用以下方法安装服务:
string[] args; ManagedInstallerClass.InstallHelper(args);
这正是InstallUtil所做的.参数与InstallUtil相同.
这种方法的好处是它不涉及注册表中的混乱,它使用与InstallUtil相同的机制.
是的,这是完全可能的(即我这样做); 你只需要引用正确的dll(System.ServiceProcess.dll)并添加一个安装程序类......
这是一个例子:
[RunInstaller(true)]
public sealed class MyServiceInstallerProcess : ServiceProcessInstaller
{
public MyServiceInstallerProcess()
{
this.Account = ServiceAccount.NetworkService;
}
}
[RunInstaller(true)]
public sealed class MyServiceInstaller : ServiceInstaller
{
public MyServiceInstaller()
{
this.Description = "Service Description";
this.DisplayName = "Service Name";
this.ServiceName = "ServiceName";
this.StartType = System.ServiceProcess.ServiceStartMode.Automatic;
}
}
static void Install(bool undo, string[] args)
{
try
{
Console.WriteLine(undo ? "uninstalling" : "installing");
using (AssemblyInstaller inst = new AssemblyInstaller(typeof(Program).Assembly, args))
{
IDictionary state = new Hashtable();
inst.UseNewContext = true;
try
{
if (undo)
{
inst.Uninstall(state);
}
else
{
inst.Install(state);
inst.Commit(state);
}
}
catch
{
try
{
inst.Rollback(state);
}
catch { }
throw;
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.Error.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
看一下ManagedInstaller类的InstallHelper方法.您可以使用以下方法安装服务:
string[] args; ManagedInstallerClass.InstallHelper(args);
这正是InstallUtil所做的.参数与InstallUtil相同.
这种方法的好处是它不涉及注册表中的混乱,它使用与InstallUtil相同的机制.
虽然涉及的工作量非常重要,但您总是可以回到旧的WinAPI调用.不要求通过.NET感知机制安装.NET服务.
安装:
通过打开服务管理器OpenSCManager.
致电CreateService注册服务.
(可选)调用ChangeServiceConfig2以设置说明.
使用关闭服务和服务管理器句柄CloseServiceHandle.
要卸载:
通过打开服务管理器OpenSCManager.
使用打开服务OpenService.
通过调用DeleteService返回的句柄来删除服务OpenService.
使用关闭服务和服务管理器句柄CloseServiceHandle.
我更喜欢使用ServiceInstaller/的主要原因ServiceProcessInstaller是您可以使用自己的自定义命令行参数注册服务.例如,您可以将其注册为"MyApp.exe -service",然后如果用户在没有任何参数的情况下运行您的应用程序,您可以为他们提供安装/删除服务的UI.
运行反射器ServiceInstaller可以填写此简要说明中缺少的详细信息.
PS显然,这不会产生"与调用相同的效果:InstallUtil MyService.exe" - 特别是,您将无法使用InstallUtil进行卸载.但似乎这可能不是对您的实际严格要求.
这是我在编写服务时使用的类.我通常会在未调用服务时出现交互式屏幕.从那里我根据需要使用该类.它允许在同一台机器上有多个命名实例 - 然后是InstanceID字段
样品通话
IntegratedServiceInstaller Inst = new IntegratedServiceInstaller();
Inst.Install("MySvc", "My Sample Service", "Service that executes something",
_InstanceID,
// System.ServiceProcess.ServiceAccount.LocalService, // this is more secure, but only available in XP and above and WS-2003 and above
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceAccount.LocalSystem, // this is required for WS-2000
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceStartMode.Automatic);
if (controller == null)
{
controller = new System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController(String.Format("MySvc_{0}", _InstanceID), ".");
}
if (controller.Status == System.ServiceProcess.ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
{
Start_Stop.Text = "Stop Service";
Start_Stop_Debugging.Enabled = false;
}
else
{
Start_Stop.Text = "Start Service";
Start_Stop_Debugging.Enabled = true;
}
班级本身
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics;
using Microsoft.Win32;
namespace MySvc
{
class IntegratedServiceInstaller
{
public void Install(String ServiceName, String DisplayName, String Description,
String InstanceID,
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceAccount Account,
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceStartMode StartMode)
{
//http://www.theblacksparrow.com/
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceProcessInstaller ProcessInstaller = new System.ServiceProcess.ServiceProcessInstaller();
ProcessInstaller.Account = Account;
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceInstaller SINST = new System.ServiceProcess.ServiceInstaller();
System.Configuration.Install.InstallContext Context = new System.Configuration.Install.InstallContext();
string processPath = Process.GetCurrentProcess().MainModule.FileName;
if (processPath != null && processPath.Length > 0)
{
System.IO.FileInfo fi = new System.IO.FileInfo(processPath);
String path = String.Format("/assemblypath={0}", fi.FullName);
String[] cmdline = { path };
Context = new System.Configuration.Install.InstallContext("", cmdline);
}
SINST.Context = Context;
SINST.DisplayName = String.Format("{0} - {1}", DisplayName, InstanceID);
SINST.Description = String.Format("{0} - {1}", Description, InstanceID);
SINST.ServiceName = String.Format("{0}_{1}", ServiceName, InstanceID);
SINST.StartType = StartMode;
SINST.Parent = ProcessInstaller;
// http://bytes.com/forum/thread527221.html
SINST.ServicesDependedOn = new String[] { "Spooler", "Netlogon", "Netman" };
System.Collections.Specialized.ListDictionary state = new System.Collections.Specialized.ListDictionary();
SINST.Install(state);
// http://www.dotnet247.com/247reference/msgs/43/219565.aspx
using (RegistryKey oKey = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(String.Format(@"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\{0}_{1}", ServiceName, InstanceID), true))
{
try
{
Object sValue = oKey.GetValue("ImagePath");
oKey.SetValue("ImagePath", sValue);
}
catch (Exception Ex)
{
System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(Ex.Message);
}
}
}
public void Uninstall(String ServiceName, String InstanceID)
{
//http://www.theblacksparrow.com/
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceInstaller SINST = new System.ServiceProcess.ServiceInstaller();
System.Configuration.Install.InstallContext Context = new System.Configuration.Install.InstallContext("c:\\install.log", null);
SINST.Context = Context;
SINST.ServiceName = String.Format("{0}_{1}", ServiceName, InstanceID);
SINST.Uninstall(null);
}
}
}
上面的示例对我而言并不真正有用，并且作为第一解决方案到论坛的链接非常难以理解。这是我（部分）编写的一个类，其余部分与我发现的该链接隐藏在一起
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace SystemControl {
class Services {
#region "Environment Variables"
public static string GetEnvironment(string name, bool ExpandVariables=true) {
if ( ExpandVariables ) {
return System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable( name );
} else {
return (string)Microsoft.Win32.Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey( @"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment\" ).GetValue( name, "", Microsoft.Win32.RegistryValueOptions.DoNotExpandEnvironmentNames );
}
}
public static void SetEnvironment( string name, string value ) {
System.Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(name, value);
}
#endregion
#region "ServiceCalls Native"
public static ServiceController[] List { get { return ServiceController.GetServices(); } }
public static void Start( string serviceName, int timeoutMilliseconds ) {
ServiceController service=new ServiceController( serviceName );
try {
TimeSpan timeout=TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds( timeoutMilliseconds );
service.Start();
service.WaitForStatus( ServiceControllerStatus.Running, timeout );
} catch {
// ...
}
}
public static void Stop( string serviceName, int timeoutMilliseconds ) {
ServiceController service=new ServiceController( serviceName );
try {
TimeSpan timeout=TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds( timeoutMilliseconds );
service.Stop();
service.WaitForStatus( ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped, timeout );
} catch {
// ...
}
}
public static void Restart( string serviceName, int timeoutMilliseconds ) {
ServiceController service=new ServiceController( serviceName );
try {
int millisec1=Environment.TickCount;
TimeSpan timeout=TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds( timeoutMilliseconds );
service.Stop();
service.WaitForStatus( ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped, timeout );
// count the rest of the timeout
int millisec2=Environment.TickCount;
timeout=TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds( timeoutMilliseconds-( millisec2-millisec1 ) );
service.Start();
service.WaitForStatus( ServiceControllerStatus.Running, timeout );
} catch {
// ...
}
}
public static bool IsInstalled( string serviceName ) {
// get list of Windows services
ServiceController[] services=ServiceController.GetServices();
// try to find service name
foreach ( ServiceController service in services ) {
if ( service.ServiceName==serviceName )
return true;
}
return false;
}
#endregion
#region "ServiceCalls API"
private const int STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0xF0000;
private const int SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS = 0x00000010;
[Flags]
public enum ServiceManagerRights {
Connect = 0x0001,
CreateService = 0x0002,
EnumerateService = 0x0004,
Lock = 0x0008,
QueryLockStatus = 0x0010,
ModifyBootConfig = 0x0020,
StandardRightsRequired = 0xF0000,
AllAccess = (StandardRightsRequired | Connect | CreateService |
EnumerateService | Lock | QueryLockStatus | ModifyBootConfig)
}
[Flags]
public enum ServiceRights {
QueryConfig = 0x1,
ChangeConfig = 0x2,
QueryStatus = 0x4,
EnumerateDependants = 0x8,
Start = 0x10,
Stop = 0x20,
PauseContinue = 0x40,
Interrogate = 0x80,
UserDefinedControl = 0x100,
Delete = 0x00010000,
StandardRightsRequired = 0xF0000,
AllAccess = (StandardRightsRequired | QueryConfig | ChangeConfig |
QueryStatus | EnumerateDependants | Start | Stop | PauseContinue |
Interrogate | UserDefinedControl)
}
public enum ServiceBootFlag {
Start = 0x00000000,
SystemStart = 0x00000001,
AutoStart = 0x00000002,
DemandStart = 0x00000003,
Disabled = 0x00000004
}
public enum ServiceState {
Unknown = -1, // The state cannot be (has not been) retrieved.
NotFound = 0, // The service is not known on the host server.
Stop = 1, // The service is NET stopped.
Run = 2, // The service is NET started.
Stopping = 3,
Starting = 4,
}
public enum ServiceControl {
Stop = 0x00000001,
Pause = 0x00000002,
Continue = 0x00000003,
Interrogate = 0x00000004,
Shutdown = 0x00000005,
ParamChange = 0x00000006,
NetBindAdd = 0x00000007,
NetBindRemove = 0x00000008,
NetBindEnable = 0x00000009,
NetBindDisable = 0x0000000A
}
public enum ServiceError {
Ignore = 0x00000000,
Normal = 0x00000001,
Severe = 0x00000002,
Critical = 0x00000003
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private class SERVICE_STATUS {
public int dwServiceType = 0;
public ServiceState dwCurrentState = 0;
public int dwControlsAccepted = 0;
public int dwWin32ExitCode = 0;
public int dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;
public int dwCheckPoint = 0;
public int dwWaitHint = 0;
}
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "OpenSCManagerA")]
private static extern IntPtr OpenSCManager(string lpMachineName, string lpDatabaseName, ServiceManagerRights dwDesiredAccess);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "OpenServiceA", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
private static extern IntPtr OpenService(IntPtr hSCManager, string lpServiceName, ServiceRights dwDesiredAccess);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "CreateServiceA")]
private static extern IntPtr CreateService(IntPtr hSCManager, string lpServiceName, string lpDisplayName, ServiceRights dwDesiredAccess, int dwServiceType, ServiceBootFlag dwStartType, ServiceError dwErrorControl, string lpBinaryPathName, string lpLoadOrderGroup, IntPtr lpdwTagId, string lpDependencies, string lp, string lpPassword);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
private static extern int CloseServiceHandle(IntPtr hSCObject);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
private static extern int QueryServiceStatus(IntPtr hService, SERVICE_STATUS lpServiceStatus);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern int DeleteService(IntPtr hService);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
private static extern int ControlService(IntPtr hService, ServiceControl dwControl, SERVICE_STATUS lpServiceStatus);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "StartServiceA")]
private static extern int StartService(IntPtr hService, int dwNumServiceArgs, int lpServiceArgVectors);
///
/// Takes a service name and tries to stop and then uninstall the windows serviceError
///
/// The windows service name to uninstall
public static void Uninstall(string ServiceName)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect);
try
{
IntPtr service = OpenService(scman, ServiceName, ServiceRights.StandardRightsRequired | ServiceRights.Stop | ServiceRights.QueryStatus);
if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Service not installed.");
}
try
{
StopService(service);
int ret = DeleteService(service);
if (ret == 0)
{
int error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
throw new ApplicationException("Could not delete service " + error);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(service);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}
///
/// Accepts a service name and returns true if the service with that service name exists
///
/// The service name that we will check for existence
/// True if that service exists false otherwise
public static bool ServiceIsInstalled(string ServiceName)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect);
try
{
IntPtr service = OpenService(scman, ServiceName,
ServiceRights.QueryStatus);
if (service == IntPtr.Zero) return false;
CloseServiceHandle(service);
return true;
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}
///
/// Takes a service name, a service display name and the path to the service executable and installs / starts the windows service.
///
/// The service name that this service will have
/// The display name that this service will have
/// The path to the executable of the service
public static void InstallAndStart(string ServiceName, string DisplayName,
string FileName)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect |
ServiceManagerRights.CreateService);
try
{
IntPtr service = OpenService(scman, ServiceName,
ServiceRights.QueryStatus | ServiceRights.Start);
if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
{
service = CreateService(scman, ServiceName, DisplayName,
ServiceRights.QueryStatus | ServiceRights.Start, SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS,
ServiceBootFlag.AutoStart, ServiceError.Normal, FileName, null, IntPtr.Zero,
null, null, null);
}
if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Failed to install service.");
}
try
{
StartService(service);
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(service);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}
///
/// Takes a service name and starts it
///
/// The service name
public static void StartService(string Name)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect);
try
{
IntPtr hService = OpenService(scman, Name, ServiceRights.QueryStatus |
ServiceRights.Start);
if (hService == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Could not open service.");
}
try
{
StartService(hService);
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(hService);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}
///
/// Stops the provided windows service
///
/// The service name that will be stopped
public static void StopService(string Name)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect);
try
{
IntPtr hService = OpenService(scman, Name, ServiceRights.QueryStatus |
ServiceRights.Stop);
if (hService == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Could not open service.");
}
try
{
StopService(hService);
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(hService);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}
///
/// Stars the provided windows service
///
/// The handle to the windows service
private static void StartService(IntPtr hService)
{
SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();
StartService(hService, 0, 0);
WaitForServiceStatus(hService, ServiceState.Starting, ServiceState.Run);
}
///
/// Stops the provided windows service
///
/// The handle to the windows service
private static void StopService(IntPtr hService)
{
SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();
ControlService(hService, ServiceControl.Stop, status);
WaitForServiceStatus(hService, ServiceState.Stopping, ServiceState.Stop);
}
///
/// Takes a service name and returns the ServiceState of the corresponding service
///
/// The service name that we will check for his ServiceState
/// The ServiceState of the service we wanted to check
public static ServiceState GetServiceStatus(string ServiceName)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect);
try
{
IntPtr hService = OpenService(scman, ServiceName,
ServiceRights.QueryStatus);
if (hService == IntPtr.Zero)
{
return ServiceState.NotFound;
}
try
{
return GetServiceStatus(hService);
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}
///
/// Gets the service state by using the handle of the provided windows service
///
/// The handle to the service
/// The ServiceState of the service
private static ServiceState GetServiceStatus(IntPtr hService)
{
SERVICE_STATUS ssStatus = new SERVICE_STATUS();
if (QueryServiceStatus(hService, ssStatus) == 0)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Failed to query service status.");
}
return ssStatus.dwCurrentState;
}
///
/// Returns true when the service status has been changes from wait status to desired status
/// ,this method waits around 10 seconds for this operation.
///
/// The handle to the service
/// The current state of the service
/// The desired state of the service
/// bool if the service has successfully changed states within the allowed timeline
private static bool WaitForServiceStatus(IntPtr hService, ServiceState
WaitStatus, ServiceState DesiredStatus)
{
SERVICE_STATUS ssStatus = new SERVICE_STATUS();
int dwOldCheckPoint;
int dwStartTickCount;
QueryServiceStatus(hService, ssStatus);
if (ssStatus.dwCurrentState == DesiredStatus) return true;
dwStartTickCount = Environment.TickCount;
dwOldCheckPoint = ssStatus.dwCheckPoint;
while (ssStatus.dwCurrentState == WaitStatus)
{
// Do not wait longer than the wait hint. A good interval is
// one tenth the wait hint, but no less than 1 second and no
// more than 10 seconds.
int dwWaitTime = ssStatus.dwWaitHint / 10;
if (dwWaitTime < 1000) dwWaitTime = 1000;
else if (dwWaitTime > 10000) dwWaitTime = 10000;
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(dwWaitTime);
// Check the status again.
if (QueryServiceStatus(hService, ssStatus) == 0) break;
if (ssStatus.dwCheckPoint > dwOldCheckPoint)
{
// The service is making progress.
dwStartTickCount = Environment.TickCount;
dwOldCheckPoint = ssStatus.dwCheckPoint;
}
else
{
if (Environment.TickCount - dwStartTickCount > ssStatus.dwWaitHint)
{
// No progress made within the wait hint
break;
}
}
}
return (ssStatus.dwCurrentState == DesiredStatus);
}
///
/// Opens the service manager
///
/// The service manager rights
/// the handle to the service manager
private static IntPtr OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights Rights)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(null, null, Rights);
if (scman == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Could not connect to service control manager.");
}
return scman;
}
#endregion
}
}
要安装服务，请运行InstallAndStart命令，如下所示：
SystemControl.InstallAndStart(
"apache",
"Apache Web Server",
@"""c:\apache\bin\httpd.exe"" -k runservice"
);
确保正在运行该程序的帐户具有安装服务的权限。您可以始终在程序上以“以管理员身份运行”。
我还包括了几个用于非API访问的命令，这些命令不会安装或删除服务，但是您可以列出它们并控制多个命令（启动，停止，重新启动）。您实际上只需要提升安装或删除服务的权限。
还有一些用于获取和设置环境变量的命令，例如OPENSSL_CONF或TEMP。在大多数情
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