如何从PowerShell调用SQL Server存储过程？

我有一个大的CSV文件,我想为每一行执行存储过程.

从PowerShell执行存储过程的最佳方法是什么？

这个答案来自http://www.databasejournal.com/features/mssql/article.php/3683181

此相同的示例可用于任何特殊查询.让我们执行存储过程"sp_helpdb",如下所示.

$SqlConnection = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection
$SqlConnection.ConnectionString = "Server=HOME\SQLEXPRESS;Database=master;Integrated Security=True"
$SqlCmd = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand
$SqlCmd.CommandText = "sp_helpdb"
$SqlCmd.Connection = $SqlConnection
$SqlAdapter = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataAdapter
$SqlAdapter.SelectCommand = $SqlCmd
$DataSet = New-Object System.Data.DataSet
$SqlAdapter.Fill($DataSet)
$SqlConnection.Close()
$DataSet.Tables[0]

这是我使用的功能(略微编辑).它允许输入和输出参数.我只实现了uniqueidentifier和varchar类型,但任何其他类型都很容易添加.如果你使用参数化存储过程(或只是参数化的sql ...这个代码很容易适应),这将使你的生活更轻松.

要调用该函数,您需要连接到SQL服务器(比如$ conn),

$ res = exec-storedprocedure -storedProcName'stp_myProc'-parameters @ {Param1 ="Hello"; Param2 = 50} -outparams @ {ID ="uniqueidentifier"} $ conn

从返回的对象检索proc输出

$ res.data #dataset包含由选择返回的数据表

$ res.outputparams.ID #output参数ID(uniqueidentifier)

功能:

function exec-storedprocedure($storedProcName,  
        [hashtable] $parameters=@{},
        [hashtable] $outparams=@{},
        $conn,[switch]$help){ 

        function put-outputparameters($cmd, $outparams){
            foreach($outp in $outparams.Keys){
                $cmd.Parameters.Add("@$outp", (get-paramtype $outparams[$outp])).Direction=[System.Data.ParameterDirection]::Output
            }
        }
        function get-outputparameters($cmd,$outparams){
            foreach($p in $cmd.Parameters){
                if ($p.Direction -eq [System.Data.ParameterDirection]::Output){
                $outparams[$p.ParameterName.Replace("@","")]=$p.Value
                }
            }
        }

        function get-paramtype($typename,[switch]$help){
            switch ($typename){
                'uniqueidentifier' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::UniqueIdentifier}
                'int' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::Int}
                'xml' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::Xml}
                'nvarchar' {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::NVarchar}
                default {[System.Data.SqlDbType]::Varchar}
            }
        }
        if ($help){
            $msg = @"
    Execute a sql statement.  Parameters are allowed.  
    Input parameters should be a dictionary of parameter names and values.
    Output parameters should be a dictionary of parameter names and types.
    Return value will usually be a list of datarows. 

    Usage: exec-query sql [inputparameters] [outputparameters] [conn] [-help]
    "@
            Write-Host $msg
            return
        }
        $close=($conn.State -eq [System.Data.ConnectionState]'Closed')
        if ($close) {
           $conn.Open()
        }

        $cmd=new-object system.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand($sql,$conn)
        $cmd.CommandType=[System.Data.CommandType]'StoredProcedure'
        $cmd.CommandText=$storedProcName
        foreach($p in $parameters.Keys){
            $cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@$p",[string]$parameters[$p]).Direction=
                  [System.Data.ParameterDirection]::Input
        }

        put-outputparameters $cmd $outparams
        $ds=New-Object system.Data.DataSet
        $da=New-Object system.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataAdapter($cmd)
        [Void]$da.fill($ds)
        if ($close) {
           $conn.Close()
        }
        get-outputparameters $cmd $outparams

        return @{data=$ds;outputparams=$outparams}
    }

这是我用来执行sql命令的函数.您只需将$ sqlCommand.CommandText更改为您的sproc的名称,并将$ SqlCommand.CommandType更改为CommandType.StoredProcedure.

function execute-Sql{
    param($server, $db, $sql )
    $sqlConnection = new-object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection
    $sqlConnection.ConnectionString = 'server=' + $server + ';integrated security=TRUE;database=' + $db 
    $sqlConnection.Open()
    $sqlCommand = new-object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand
    $sqlCommand.CommandTimeout = 120
    $sqlCommand.Connection = $sqlConnection
    $sqlCommand.CommandText= $sql
    $text = $sql.Substring(0, 50)
    Write-Progress -Activity "Executing SQL" -Status "Executing SQL => $text..."
    Write-Host "Executing SQL => $text..."
    $result = $sqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
    $sqlConnection.Close()
}