如何instance id从ec2实例中找出ec2实例？
请参阅有关该主题的EC2文档.
跑:
wget -q -O - http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id
如果您需要从脚本中以编程方式访问实例ID,
die() { status=$1; shift; echo "FATAL: $*"; exit $status; }
EC2_INSTANCE_ID="`wget -q -O - http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id || die \"wget instance-id has failed: $?\"`"
更高级用法的示例(检索实例ID以及可用区和区域等):
EC2_INSTANCE_ID="`wget -q -O - http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id || die \"wget instance-id has failed: $?\"`" test -n "$EC2_INSTANCE_ID" || die 'cannot obtain instance-id' EC2_AVAIL_ZONE="`wget -q -O - http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone || die \"wget availability-zone has failed: $?\"`" test -n "$EC2_AVAIL_ZONE" || die 'cannot obtain availability-zone' EC2_REGION="`echo \"$EC2_AVAIL_ZONE\" | sed -e 's:\([0-9][0-9]*\)[a-z]*\$:\\1:'`"
您也可以使用,curl而不是wget根据平台上安装的内容.
在Amazon Linux AMI上,您可以:
$ ec2-metadata -i instance-id: i-1234567890abcdef0
或者,在Ubuntu和其他一些Linux风格上,ec2metadata --instance-id(默认情况下,这个命令可能不会安装在ubuntu上,但你可以添加它sudo apt-get install cloud-utils)
顾名思义,您也可以使用该命令获取其他有用的元数据.
在Ubuntu上你可以:
sudo apt-get install cloud-utils
然后你可以:
EC2_INSTANCE_ID=$(ec2metadata --instance-id)
您可以通过以下方式获取与实例关联的大多数元数据:
ec2metadata --help
Syntax: /usr/bin/ec2metadata [options]
Query and display EC2 metadata.
If no options are provided, all options will be displayed
Options:
-h --help show this help
--kernel-id display the kernel id
--ramdisk-id display the ramdisk id
--reservation-id display the reservation id
--ami-id display the ami id
--ami-launch-index display the ami launch index
--ami-manifest-path display the ami manifest path
--ancestor-ami-ids display the ami ancestor id
--product-codes display the ami associated product codes
--availability-zone display the ami placement zone
--instance-id display the instance id
--instance-type display the instance type
--local-hostname display the local hostname
--public-hostname display the public hostname
--local-ipv4 display the local ipv4 ip address
--public-ipv4 display the public ipv4 ip address
--block-device-mapping display the block device id
--security-groups display the security groups
--mac display the instance mac address
--profile display the instance profile
--instance-action display the instance-action
--public-keys display the openssh public keys
--user-data display the user data (not actually metadata)
/dynamic/instance-identity/document如果您还需要查询的不仅仅是实例ID,请使用URL.
wget -q -O - http://169.254.169.254/latest/dynamic/instance-identity/document
这将为您提供诸如此类的JSON数据 - 只需一个请求.
{
"devpayProductCodes" : null,
"privateIp" : "10.1.2.3",
"region" : "us-east-1",
"kernelId" : "aki-12345678",
"ramdiskId" : null,
"availabilityZone" : "us-east-1a",
"accountId" : "123456789abc",
"version" : "2010-08-31",
"instanceId" : "i-12345678",
"billingProducts" : null,
"architecture" : "x86_64",
"imageId" : "ami-12345678",
"pendingTime" : "2014-01-23T45:01:23Z",
"instanceType" : "m1.small"
}
对于.NET人民:
string instanceId = new StreamReader(
HttpWebRequest.Create("http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id")
.GetResponse().GetResponseStream())
.ReadToEnd();
在AWS Linux上:
ec2-metadata --instance-id | cut -d " " -f 2
输出:
i-33400429
在变量中使用:
ec2InstanceId=$(ec2-metadata --instance-id | cut -d " " -f 2);
ls "log/${ec2InstanceId}/";
对于Python:
import boto.utils
region=boto.utils.get_instance_metadata()['local-hostname'].split('.')[1]
归结为单线:
python -c "import boto.utils; print boto.utils.get_instance_metadata()['local-hostname'].split('.')[1]"
您也可以使用public_hostname,而不是local_hostname,而不是:
boto.utils.get_instance_metadata()['placement']['availability-zone'][:-1]
对于powershell人:
(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString("http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id")
请参阅此帖子 - 请注意,给定URL中的IP地址是常量(最初使我感到困惑),但返回的数据特定于您的实例.
对于所有ec2机器,可以在文件中找到instance-id:
/var/lib/cloud/data/instance-id
您还可以通过运行以下命令来获取实例ID:
ec2metadata --instance-id
对于Ruby:
require 'rubygems' require 'aws-sdk' require 'net/http' metadata_endpoint = 'http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/' instance_id = Net::HTTP.get( URI.parse( metadata_endpoint + 'instance-id' ) ) ec2 = AWS::EC2.new() instance = ec2.instances[instance_id]
更现代的解决方案.
在Amazon Linux中,已经安装了ec2-metadata命令.
从终端
ec2-metadata -help
将为您提供可用的选项
ec2-metadata -i
将返回
instance-id: yourid
只需输入:
ec2metadata --instance-id
你可以试试这个:
#!/bin/bash
aws_instance=$(wget -q -O- http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id)
aws_region=$(wget -q -O- http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/hostname)
aws_region=${aws_region#*.}
aws_region=${aws_region%%.*}
aws_zone=`ec2-describe-instances $aws_instance --region $aws_region`
aws_zone=`expr match "$aws_zone" ".*\($aws_region[a-z]\)"`
我为http api编写的EC2元数据的c#.net类.我将根据需要使用功能构建它.如果你喜欢它,你可以运行它.
using Amazon;
using System.Net;
namespace AT.AWS
{
public static class HttpMetaDataAPI
{
public static bool TryGetPublicIP(out string publicIP)
{
return TryGetMetaData("public-ipv4", out publicIP);
}
public static bool TryGetPrivateIP(out string privateIP)
{
return TryGetMetaData("local-ipv4", out privateIP);
}
public static bool TryGetAvailabilityZone(out string availabilityZone)
{
return TryGetMetaData("placement/availability-zone", out availabilityZone);
}
///
/// Gets the url of a given AWS service, according to the name of the required service and the AWS Region that this machine is in
///
/// The service we are seeking (such as ec2, rds etc)
/// Each AWS service has a different endpoint url for each region
/// True if the operation was succesful, otherwise false
public static bool TryGetServiceEndpointUrl(string serviceName, out string serviceEndpointStringUrl)
{
// start by figuring out what region this instance is in.
RegionEndpoint endpoint;
if (TryGetRegionEndpoint(out endpoint))
{
// now that we know the region, we can get details about the requested service in that region
var details = endpoint.GetEndpointForService(serviceName);
serviceEndpointStringUrl = (details.HTTPS ? "https://" : "http://") + details.Hostname;
return true;
}
// satisfy the compiler by assigning a value to serviceEndpointStringUrl
serviceEndpointStringUrl = null;
return false;
}
public static bool TryGetRegionEndpoint(out RegionEndpoint endpoint)
{
// we can get figure out the region end point from the availability zone
// that this instance is in, so we start by getting the availability zone:
string availabilityZone;
if (TryGetAvailabilityZone(out availabilityZone))
{
// name of the availability zone is [a|b|c etc]
// so just take the name of the availability zone and chop off the last letter
var nameOfRegionEndpoint = availabilityZone.Substring(0, availabilityZone.Length - 1);
endpoint = RegionEndpoint.GetBySystemName(nameOfRegionEndpoint);
return true;
}
// satisfy the compiler by assigning a value to endpoint
endpoint = RegionEndpoint.USWest2;
return false;
}
///
/// Downloads instance metadata
///
/// True if the operation was successful, false otherwise
/// The operation will be unsuccessful if the machine running this code is not an AWS EC2 machine.
static bool TryGetMetaData(string name, out string result)
{
result = null;
try { result = new WebClient().DownloadString("http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/" + name); return true; }
catch { return false; }
}
/************************************************************
* MetaData keys.
* Use these keys to write more functions as you need them
* **********************************************************
ami-id
ami-launch-index
ami-manifest-path
block-device-mapping/
hostname
instance-action
instance-id
instance-type
local-hostname
local-ipv4
mac
metrics/
network/
placement/
profile
public-hostname
public-ipv4
public-keys/
reservation-id
security-groups
*************************************************************/
}
}
最新的Java SDK具有EC2MetadataUtils:
在Java中:
import com.amazonaws.util.EC2MetadataUtils; String myId = EC2MetadataUtils.getInstanceId();
在斯卡拉:
import com.amazonaws.util.EC2MetadataUtils val myid = EC2MetadataUtils.getInstanceId
京公网安备 11010802040832号 | 京ICP备19059560号-6 