我目前正在生产Tomcat 6上运行我的webapps,并且想评估在嵌入模式下运行Tomcat.
除了api文档中的内容之外,还有一个很好的教程或其他资源吗？
代码说明了一切.请参阅pom.xml代码段和运行tomcat的类.
org.apache.tomcat catalina 6.0.18 test org.apache.tomcat coyote 6.0.18 test public class RunWebApplicationTomcat { private String path = null; private Embedded container = null; private Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass()); /** * The directory to create the Tomcat server configuration under. */ private String catalinaHome = "tomcat"; /** * The port to run the Tomcat server on. */ private int port = 8089; /** * The classes directory for the web application being run. */ private String classesDir = "target/classes"; /** * The web resources directory for the web application being run. */ private String webappDir = "mywebapp"; /** * Creates a single-webapp configuration to be run in Tomcat on port 8089. If module name does * not conform to the 'contextname-webapp' convention, use the two-args constructor. * * @param contextName without leading slash, for example, "mywebapp" * @throws IOException */ public RunWebApplicationTomcat(String contextName) { Assert.isTrue(!contextName.startsWith("/")); path = "/" + contextName; } /** * Starts the embedded Tomcat server. * * @throws LifecycleException * @throws MalformedURLException if the server could not be configured * @throws LifecycleException if the server could not be started * @throws MalformedURLException */ public void run(int port) throws LifecycleException, MalformedURLException { this.port = port; // create server container = new Embedded(); container.setCatalinaHome(catalinaHome); container.setRealm(new MemoryRealm()); // create webapp loader WebappLoader loader = new WebappLoader(this.getClass().getClassLoader()); if (classesDir != null) { loader.addRepository(new File(classesDir).toURI().toURL().toString()); } // create context // TODO: Context rootContext = container.createContext(path, webappDir); Context rootContext = container.createContext(path, webappDir); rootContext.setLoader(loader); rootContext.setReloadable(true); // create host // String appBase = new File(catalinaHome, "webapps").getAbsolutePath(); Host localHost = container.createHost("localHost", new File("target").getAbsolutePath()); localHost.addChild(rootContext); // create engine Engine engine = container.createEngine(); engine.setName("localEngine"); engine.addChild(localHost); engine.setDefaultHost(localHost.getName()); container.addEngine(engine); // create http connector Connector httpConnector = container.createConnector((InetAddress) null, port, false); container.addConnector(httpConnector); container.setAwait(true); // start server container.start(); // add shutdown hook to stop server Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread() { public void run() { stopContainer(); } }); } /** * Stops the embedded Tomcat server. */ public void stopContainer() { try { if (container != null) { container.stop(); } } catch (LifecycleException exception) { logger.warn("Cannot Stop Tomcat" + exception.getMessage()); } } public String getPath() { return path; } public void setPath(String path) { this.path = path; } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { RunWebApplicationTomcat inst = new RunWebApplicationTomcat("mywebapp"); inst.run(8089); } public int getPort() { return port; } } org.apache.tomcat jasper 6.0.18 test
虽然这篇文章有些陈旧,但我回答了自己的答案,因为它可以节省其他时间
package com.creativefella;
import org.apache.catalina.Engine;
import org.apache.catalina.Host;
import org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException;
import org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector;
import org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext;
import org.apache.catalina.startup.Embedded;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class TomcatServer {
private Embedded server;
private int port;
private boolean isRunning;
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TomcatServer.class);
private static final boolean isInfo = LOG.isInfoEnabled();
/**
* Create a new Tomcat embedded server instance. Setup looks like:
*
*
*
*
*
* & will be created automcatically. We need to hook the remaining to an {@link Embedded} instnace
* @param contextPath Context path for the application
* @param port Port number to be used for the embedded Tomcat server
* @param appBase Path to the Application files (for Maven based web apps, in general: /src/main/)
* @param shutdownHook If true, registers a server' shutdown hook with JVM. This is useful to shutdown the server
* in erroneous cases.
* @throws Exception
*/
public TomcatServer(String contextPath, int port, String appBase, boolean shutdownHook) {
if(contextPath == null || appBase == null || appBase.length() == 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Context path or appbase should not be null");
}
if(!contextPath.startsWith("/")) {
contextPath = "/" + contextPath;
}
this.port = port;
server = new Embedded();
server.setName("TomcatEmbeddedServer");
Host localHost = server.createHost("localhost", appBase);
localHost.setAutoDeploy(false);
StandardContext rootContext = (StandardContext) server.createContext(contextPath, "webapp");
rootContext.setDefaultWebXml("web.xml");
localHost.addChild(rootContext);
Engine engine = server.createEngine();
engine.setDefaultHost(localHost.getName());
engine.setName("TomcatEngine");
engine.addChild(localHost);
server.addEngine(engine);
Connector connector = server.createConnector(localHost.getName(), port, false);
server.addConnector(connector);
// register shutdown hook
if(shutdownHook) {
Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread() {
public void run() {
if(isRunning) {
if(isInfo) LOG.info("Stopping the Tomcat server, through shutdown hook");
try {
if (server != null) {
server.stop();
}
} catch (LifecycleException e) {
LOG.error("Error while stopping the Tomcat server, through shutdown hook", e);
}
}
}
});
}
}
/**
* Start the tomcat embedded server
*/
public void start() throws LifecycleException {
if(isRunning) {
LOG.warn("Tomcat server is already running @ port={}; ignoring the start", port);
return;
}
if(isInfo) LOG.info("Starting the Tomcat server @ port={}", port);
server.setAwait(true);
server.start();
isRunning = true;
}
/**
* Stop the tomcat embedded server
*/
public void stop() throws LifecycleException {
if(!isRunning) {
LOG.warn("Tomcat server is not running @ port={}", port);
return;
}
if(isInfo) LOG.info("Stopping the Tomcat server");
server.stop();
isRunning = false;
}
public boolean isRunning() {
return isRunning;
}
}
我也遇到了这个404错误并且挣扎了一段时间.通过查看日志' INFO: No default web.xml',我怀疑它(如果这是一个警告,很容易发现).正使用招web.xml (rootContext.setDefaultWebXml("web.xml"))使用Tomcat提供(conf/web.xml).原因是,它包含DefaultServlet,它提供像HTML,JS这样的静态文件.web.xml在代码中手动使用或注册servlet.
用法:
// start the server at http://localhost:8080/myapp
TomcatServer server = new TomcatServer("myapp", 8080, "/src/main/", true);
server.start();
// .....
server.stop();
不要忘记将默认值web.xml放在此程序的同一目录中或指向正确的位置.
值得注意的是,关闭钩子的灵感来自安东尼奥的答案.
为什么人们可以在Jetty上使用Tomcat有很多原因:
一个人已经熟悉Tomcat了
一个是开发需要轻松传输到Tomcat安装的Web应用程序
Jetty开发人员文档实际上比Tomcat更糟糕(太棒了!)
在Jetty社区中回答问题有时可能需要数年时间,如2007年.请参阅嵌入Jetty
重要:在Jetty 6.1.*之后,每个Web应用程序都会打开自己的JVM,因此如果您尝试在独立访问和Web应用程序之间获得编程访问权限,那么您唯一的希望就是通过Web API.
如果这对您来说是一个问题,Tomcat是一个开源项目,其知识产权归Apache Foundation所有,Jetty是开源的,但由一家小型私人公司拥有(Mortbay Consulting)
第5点在我的工作中非常重要.例如,我可以通过Tomcat直接访问JSPWiki实例,但是在使用Jetty时它是完全无法访问的.我在2007年要求解决这个问题,但还没有听到答案.所以我终于放弃并开始使用Tomcat 6.我已经研究过Glassfish和Grizzly,但到目前为止,Tomcat(令人惊讶地)是最稳定且记录良好的Web容器(实际上并没有多说).
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