在Emacs shell模式下进行Bash自动完成

在GNOME终端中,Bash执行智能自动完成功能.例如

apt-get in

变

apt-get install

在Emacs shell模式下,即使在我明确提供源代码后,此自动完成也不起作用/etc/bash_completion.上面的示例in在当前目录中使用文件名而不是有效的apt-get命令选项粘贴或自动完成.据推测,这是因为Emacs正在拦截Tab键按下.如何启用智能自动完成功能shell-mode？

1> David Christ..：

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我知道这个问题已经有三年了,但我也有兴趣解决这个问题.一个网络搜索引导我到一个elisp,使得Emacs使用bash在shell模式下完成.无论如何,它对我有用.

请访问https://github.com/szermatt/emacs-bash-completion查看.

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+1有勇气回答一个三岁但仍然完全相关的问题.谢谢!

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这已经在melpa http://melpa.org/#/bash-completion中,使用`Mx package-list-packages`安装很简单,但最后它对我不起作用,我不知道为什么,它可能是我的emacs(24.3.1)或bash(4.3.30)版本.文档说"bash-completion.el对OS和BASH版本非常敏感......"然后是我的版本不存在的列表.

2> Steve Lacey..：

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在emacs shell中,它实际上是emacs进行自动完成,而不是bash.如果shell和emacs不同步(例如,通过使用pushd,popd或某些更改shell当前目录的bash用户函数),则自动完成将停止工作.

要解决此问题,只需在shell中键入"dirs"即可恢复同步.

我的.emacs中也有以下内容:

(global-set-key "\M-\r" 'shell-resync-dirs)

然后只需按Esc-return重新同步自动完成.

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对于另一个问题,这是一个很好的答案!

3> matli..：

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我不知道答案.但它不能按预期工作的原因可能是因为emacs shell中的完成由emacs内部处理(通过comint-dynamic-complete函数),并且没有内置的智能完成功能.

我担心这不是一件容易的事情.

编辑:njsf关于使用term-mode的建议可能和它一样好.启动它

M-x term

它包含在标准的emacs发行版中(至少在Ubuntu和Debian上的emacs21-common或emacs22-common中).

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使用`Mx term`更改标签.

4> njsf..：

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就像Matli说的那样,这不是一件容易的事,因为bash是以--noediting开头的,而TAB必然是comint-dynamic-complete.

有人可能会在使用local-set-key的shell-comand-hook中将TAB重新绑定到self-insert-command,并且使用Mx自定义变量RET explicit-bash-args来启动shell模式 - 但是我怀疑它不适合所有其他编辑.

您可能想尝试使用term-mode,但它有另一组问题,因为其他一些常规键绑定被term-mode超越.

编辑:通过其他常规关键词被术语模式所取代,我的意思是除了Cc之外的其他所有关键词都可以转换缓冲区.因此,不要使用Cx k来杀死缓冲区,而是必须使用Cc Cx k.或者切换到另一个缓冲区'Cc Cx o'或'Cc Cx 2'

5> gavenkoa..：

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请考虑另一种模式M-x term,就像我在2011年遇到问题时所做的那样.我当时试图通过Inet收集所有努力来使shell工作与Bash完成,包括这个问题.但是,因为发现面对term-mode我的替代品,我甚至不想尝试eshell.

它是完整的终端模拟器,所以你可以在里面运行交互式程序,比如午夜指挥官.或者切换到zsh完成,这样您就不会浪费时间在Emacs配置上.

你可以免费使用bash完成TAB.但更重要的是,您可以获得完整的Readline功能,例如增量或前缀命令搜索.要使这个设置更方便,请检查我的.inputrc,.bashrc,.emacs.

至关重要的部分.inputrc:

# I like this!
set editing-mode emacs

# Don't strip characters to 7 bits when reading.
set input-meta on

# Allow iso-latin1 characters to be inserted rather than converted to
# prefix-meta sequences.
set convert-meta off

# Display characters with the eighth bit set directly rather than as
# meta-prefixed characters.
set output-meta on

# Ignore hidden files.
set match-hidden-files off

# Ignore case (on/off).
set completion-ignore-case on

set completion-query-items 100

# First tab suggests ambiguous variants.
set show-all-if-ambiguous on

# Replace common prefix with ...
set completion-prefix-display-length 1

set skip-completed-text off

# If set to 'on', completed directory names have a slash appended. The default is 'on'.
set mark-directories on
set mark-symlinked-directories on

# If set to 'on', a character denoting a file's type is appended to the
# filename when listing possible completions. The default is 'off'.
set visible-stats on

set horizontal-scroll-mode off

$if Bash
"\C-x\C-e": edit-and-execute-command
$endif

# Define my favorite Emacs key bindings.
"\C-@": set-mark
"\C-w": kill-region
"\M-w": copy-region-as-kill

# Ctrl+Left/Right to move by whole words.
"\e[1;5C": forward-word
"\e[1;5D": backward-word
# Same with Shift pressed.
"\e[1;6C": forward-word
"\e[1;6D": backward-word

# Ctrl+Backspace/Delete to delete whole words.
"\e[3;5~": kill-word
"\C-_": backward-kill-word

# UP/DOWN filter history by typed string as prefix.
"\e[A": history-search-backward
"\C-p": history-search-backward
"\eOA": history-search-backward
"\e[B": history-search-forward
"\C-n": history-search-forward
"\eOB": history-search-forward

# Bind 'Shift+TAB' to complete as in Python TAB was need for another purpose.
"\e[Z": complete
# Cycling possible completion forward and backward in place.
"\e[1;3C": menu-complete                    # M-Right
"\e[1;3D": menu-complete-backward           # M-Left
"\e[1;5I": menu-complete                    # C-TAB

.bashrc(YEA!在任何单词中都有Bash中的dabbrev ~/.bash_history):

set -o emacs

if [[ $- == *i* ]]; then
  bind '"\e/": dabbrev-expand'
  bind '"\ee": edit-and-execute-command'
fi

.emacs 使术语缓冲区的导航舒适:

(setq term-buffer-maximum-size (lsh 1 14))

(eval-after-load 'term
  '(progn
    (defun my-term-send-delete-word-forward () (interactive) (term-send-raw-string "\ed"))
    (defun my-term-send-delete-word-backward () (interactive) (term-send-raw-string "\e\C-h"))
    (define-key term-raw-map [C-delete] 'my-term-send-delete-word-forward)
    (define-key term-raw-map [C-backspace] 'my-term-send-delete-word-backward)
    (defun my-term-send-forward-word () (interactive) (term-send-raw-string "\ef"))
    (defun my-term-send-backward-word () (interactive) (term-send-raw-string "\eb"))
    (define-key term-raw-map [C-left] 'my-term-send-backward-word)
    (define-key term-raw-map [C-right] 'my-term-send-forward-word)
    (defun my-term-send-m-right () (interactive) (term-send-raw-string "\e[1;3C"))
    (defun my-term-send-m-left () (interactive) (term-send-raw-string "\e[1;3D"))
    (define-key term-raw-map [M-right] 'my-term-send-m-right)
    (define-key term-raw-map [M-left] 'my-term-send-m-left)
    ))

(defun my-term-mode-hook ()
  (goto-address-mode 1))
(add-hook 'term-mode-hook #'my-term-mode-hook)

由于任何常用命令C-x o都不能在终端仿真模式下工作,我扩展了keymap:

(unless
    (ignore-errors
      (require 'ido)
      (ido-mode 1)
      (global-set-key [?\s-d] #'ido-dired)
      (global-set-key [?\s-f] #'ido-find-file)
      t)
  (global-set-key [?\s-d] #'dired)
  (global-set-key [?\s-f] #'find-file))

(defun my--kill-this-buffer-maybe-switch-to-next ()
  "Kill current buffer. Switch to next buffer if previous command
was switching to next buffer or this command itself allowing
sequential closing of uninteresting buffers."
  (interactive)
  (let ( (cmd last-command) )
    (kill-buffer (current-buffer))
    (when (memq cmd (list 'next-buffer this-command))
      (next-buffer))))
(global-set-key [s-delete] 'my--kill-this-buffer-maybe-switch-to-next)
(defun my--backward-other-window ()
  (interactive)
  (other-window -1))
(global-set-key [s-up] #'my--backward-other-window)
(global-set-key [s-down] #'other-window)
(global-set-key [s-tab] 'other-window)

请注意,我使用super密钥,因此term-raw-map任何其他键映射都不会与我的键绑定冲突.要从super左键创建Win密钥,我使用.xmodmaprc:

! To load this config run:
!   $ xmodmap .xmodmaprc

! Win key.
clear mod3
clear mod4

keycode 133 = Super_L
keycode 134 = Hyper_R
add mod3 = Super_L
add mod4 = Hyper_R

你应该记住2个命令:C-c C-j- 进入正常的Emacs编辑模式(用于在缓冲区文本中复制或grepping),C-c C-k- 返回到终端仿真模式.

鼠标选择和Shift-Insert工作如下xterm.