引入相关依赖：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>4.0.0 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 2.4.5 com.example zkdemo 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT zkdemo Demo project for Spring Boot 1.8 2020.0.2 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-starter-zookeeper-discovery org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test org.springframework.cloud spring-cloud-dependencies ${spring-cloud.version} pom import org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
配置文件application.yml：
spring:
cloud:
zookeeper:
# Zookeeper服务器地址，集群则以逗号分隔
connect-string: localhost:2181
application:
name: zkdemo
# 使用随机端口
server:
port: 0
主程序类ZkdemoApplication：
@SpringBootApplication
public class ZkdemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ZkdemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
由于配置了使用随机端口，这里直接启动三个ZkdemoApplication运行三个zkdemo服务示例。
启动成功后，在zookeeper中查看节点的变化，会发现在根节点下多出来一个services节点，services节点下是以服务名称命名的服务节点，服务节点下是该服务的实例节点。
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 96] ls -R / / /services /services/zkdemo /services/zkdemo/2030bca0-db25-411d-b1f5-84c790bd1d6f /services/zkdemo/208834cf-e7e4-496e-a5c0-afcbb78e120f /services/zkdemo/2c4177e1-20fd-4c66-9ee0-eaf21253039d
实例节点中存储了服务名称、ip地址、端口号、实例ID等相关信息：
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 97] get /services/zkdemo/208834cf-e7e4-496e-a5c0-afcbb78e120f
{"name":"zkdemo","id":"208834cf-e7e4-496e-a5c0-afcbb78e120f","address":"localhost","port":64514,"sslPort":null,"payload":{"@class":"org.springframework.cloud.zookeeper.discovery.ZookeeperInstance","id":"zkdemo","name":"zkdemo","metadata":{"instance_status":"UP"}},"registrationTimeUTC":1619424602784,"serviceType":"DYNAMIC","uriSpec":{"parts":[{"value":"scheme","variable":true},{"value":"://","variable":false},{"value":"address","variable":true},{"value":":","variable":false},{"value":"port","variable":true}]}}
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 98] get /services/zkdemo/2030bca0-db25-411d-b1f5-84c790bd1d6f
{"name":"zkdemo","id":"2030bca0-db25-411d-b1f5-84c790bd1d6f","address":"localhost","port":64401,"sslPort":null,"payload":{"@class":"org.springframework.cloud.zookeeper.discovery.ZookeeperInstance","id":"zkdemo","name":"zkdemo","metadata":{"instance_status":"UP"}},"registrationTimeUTC":1619424361059,"serviceType":"DYNAMIC","uriSpec":{"parts":[{"value":"scheme","variable":true},{"value":"://","variable":false},{"value":"address","variable":true},{"value":":","variable":false},{"value":"port","variable":true}]}}
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 99] get /services/zkdemo/2c4177e1-20fd-4c66-9ee0-eaf21253039d
{"name":"zkdemo","id":"2c4177e1-20fd-4c66-9ee0-eaf21253039d","address":"localhost","port":64475,"sslPort":null,"payload":{"@class":"org.springframework.cloud.zookeeper.discovery.ZookeeperInstance","id":"zkdemo","name":"zkdemo","metadata":{"instance_status":"UP"}},"registrationTimeUTC":1619424510719,"serviceType":"DYNAMIC","uriSpec":{"parts":[{"value":"scheme","variable":true},{"value":"://","variable":false},{"value":"address","variable":true},{"value":":","variable":false},{"value":"port","variable":true}]}}
通过ephemeralOwner字段可以看出，services节点和服务节点为持久节点，实例节点为临时节点：
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 100] stat /services cZxid = 0x118 ctime = Mon Apr 26 16:06:02 CST 2021 mZxid = 0x118 mtime = Mon Apr 26 16:06:02 CST 2021 pZxid = 0x119 cversion = 1 dataVersion = 0 aclVersion = 0 ephemeralOwner = 0x0 dataLength = 0 numChildren = 1 [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 101] stat /services/zkdemo cZxid = 0x119 ctime = Mon Apr 26 16:06:02 CST 2021 mZxid = 0x119 mtime = Mon Apr 26 16:06:02 CST 2021 pZxid = 0x11e cversion = 3 dataVersion = 0 aclVersion = 0 ephemeralOwner = 0x0 dataLength = 0 numChildren = 3 [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 102] stat /services/zkdemo/2030bca0-db25-411d-b1f5-84c790bd1d6f cZxid = 0x11a ctime = Mon Apr 26 16:06:02 CST 2021 mZxid = 0x11a mtime = Mon Apr 26 16:06:02 CST 2021 pZxid = 0x11a cversion = 0 dataVersion = 0 aclVersion = 0 ephemeralOwner = 0x100000122cf000d dataLength = 514 numChildren = 0
当某个实例出现故障停止时，对应的临时节点也会被删除。当服务节点下所有实例节点被删除时，服务节点也会被删除。当services节点下的所有服务节点被删除时，services节点也会被删除。
通过DiscoveryClient从注册中心获取对应服务的实例列表：
@SpringBootTest
class ZkdemoApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
@Test
public void serviceUrl() {
List list = discoveryClient.getInstances("zkdemo");
list.stream().forEach(obj -> System.out.println(obj.getUri().toString()));
}
}
输出结果：
http://localhost:64401 http://localhost:64475 http://localhost:64514
服务调用这里就不演示了，可以使用Feign或RestTemplate进行调用。
以上就是SpringCloud使用Zookeeper作为注册中心的详细内容，更多关于Zookeeper作为注册中心的资料请关注其它相关文章！
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