KVM与libvirt的安装过程记录

系统环境：ubuntu 12.04 LTS amd64
必须安装64位，才可以安装KVM虚拟机。32位系统的内核默认没有把KVM模块编译进去，而且源中也没有与虚拟化相关的软件包，如Qemu等

一、KVM的编译安装

 1、安装基本系统和开发工具

1.1 编译内核

mkdir /root/kvm
cd /root/kvm
wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.x/linux-3.5.tar.gz
tar -zvxf linux-3.5.tar.gz -C /usr/src
cd /usr/src/linux-2.6.34.4
make menuconfig

vi .config

增加
CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2=y
CONFIG_STP=m
CONFIG_BRIDGE=m
修改
CONFIG_STP=y
CONFIG_BRIDGE=y
make -j30 all
make modules_install
make install

1.2 安装kvm_mod

wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/kvm/kvm-kmod/3.5/kvm-kmod-3.5.tar.bz2
tar -jvxf kvm-kmod-3.5.tar.bz2
cd kvm-kmod-3.5
./configure
make && make install
reboot

1.3 确认kvm_kmod安装成功

lsmod | grep kvm

kvm_intel              40286  0
kvm                   266256  1 kvm_intel

如果你的系统是64位可以直接进行这一步，因为64位的ubuntu是自带kvm模块的

1.4 安装qemu-kvm

 
apt-get install -y libglib2.0-dev
cd /root/kvm

wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/qemu-kvm_1.0%2Bnoroms.orig.tar.gz
tar -zxf qemu-kvm-0.12.5.tar.gz
cd qemu-kvm-0.12.5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/kvm  --disable-vnc-tls  --disable-vnc-sasl  --disable-curl   --enable-system  --static
make && make install
ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-img /usr/bin/qemu-img
ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-io /usr/bin/qemu-io
ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-nbd /usr/bin/qemu-nbd
ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 /usr/bin/qemu
ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 /usr/bin/kvm
ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 /usr/bin/qemu-kvm

二、libvirt的编译安装

apt-get install -y libdevmapper libdevmapper-dev libgnutls-dev libxml2-dev libpciaccess-dev libudev-dev libnl-dev gnutls-bin
cd /root/kvm

wget https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/libvirt_1.0.2.orig.tar.gz
tar -zxf libvirt_1.0.2.orig.tar.gz
cd libvirt-1.0.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libvirt --enable-debug=no --with-storage-lvm=no
make && make install
ln -s /usr/local/libvirt/bin/virsh /usr/bin/virsh

三、virtinst的编译安装

四、常见错误问题

问题一：configure: error: You must install the GnuTLS library in order to compile and run libvirt

解决方法：

Ubuntu：apt-get  install -y libgnutls-dev

问题二：

/usr/local/libvirt/sbin/libvirtd   

19:49:56.942: error : virRunWithHook:857 : internal error 'brctl setfd virbr0 0' exited with non-zero status 1 and signal 0: libvir: error : cannot execute binary brctl: No such file or directory        

 19:49:56.982: warning : qemudStartup:1832 : Unable to create cgroup for driver: No such device or address

解决方法：

Ubuntu：apt-get install -y bridge-utils

问题三：

19:51:11.368: error : virRunWithHook:857 : internal error '/sbin/iptables --table filter --insert FORWARD --destination 192.168.122.0/255.255.255.0 --out-interface virbr0 --match state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED --jump ACCEPT' exited with non-zero status 1 and signal 0: iptables: Unknown error 18446744073709551615  
19:51:11.368: error : networkAddMasqueradingIptablesRules:637 : failed to add iptables rule to allow forwarding to 'virbr0': Invalid argument
19:51:11.420: warning : qemudStartup:1832 : Unable to create cgroup for driver: No such device or address

如果使用桥接网络独立IP可以忽略

问题四：

checking libxml2 xml2-config >= 2.6.0 ... configure: error: Could not find libxml2 anywhere (see config.log for details).

解决方法：

Ubuntu: apt-get install -y libxml2-dev

问题五：

configure: error: You must install the GnuTLS library in order to compile and run libvirt

 解决方法：

Ubunut： apt-get install -y gnutls-bin(可省)

apt-get install -y libgnutls-dev

问题六：

configure: error: You must install device-mapper-devel/libdevmapper >= 1.0.0 to compile libvirt

解决方法：

Ubunut：apt-get install -y libdevmapper-dev libdevmapper

问题七：

configure: error: libnl-devel >= 1.1 is required for macvtap support

解决方法：

Ubunut：apt-get install -y libnl-dev

问题八：

# ./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib64 --localstatedir=/var --sysconfdir=/etc --with-hal=yes --with-udev=yes

checking for UDEV... no

configure: error: You must install libudev-devel >= 145 to compile libvirt

解决方法：

Ubunut： apt-get install -y libudev-dev

问题九：

configure: error: You must install libpciaccess-devel >= 0.10.0 to compile libvirt

解决方法：

Ubuntu： apt-get install -y libpciaccess-dev

问题十：

 configure: error: You must install python-devel to build Python bindings

解决方法：

Ubuntu：apt-get install -y python-dev

sudo apt-get install python-dev

注：有时依然不能用virsh nodedev-dumpxml pci_0000_00_19_0

#./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib64 --localstatedir=/var --sysconfdir=/etc --with-hal=yes --with-udev=yes --with-polkit=yes

....

checking for POLKIT... no

configure: error: You must install PolicyKit >= 0.6 to compile libvirt

# apt-get install libpolkit-agent-1-0 libpolkit-backend-1-0 libpolkit-gobject-1-0 libpolkit-gtk-1-0