MySQL:能够连接到localhost但不能连接到127.0.0.1

我猜我忘记了一些明显的东西,但我似乎无法连接127.0.0.1使用MySQL.通过localhost工程连接.

MySQL/Linux版本: Server version: 10.0.31-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.16.04.2 Ubuntu 16.04

这有效:

$ mysql -h localhost -u root
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 71982
Server version: 10.0.31-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.16.04.2 Ubuntu 16.04

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

这并不能正常工作:

$ mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -u root
ERROR 1698 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'

在我看来,MySQL正在倾听127.0.0.1:3306:

$ netstat -plnt
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3306          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1841/mysqld 

我甚至可以使用Telnet连接到端口3306:

$ telnet 127.0.0.1 3306
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
j
5.5.5-10.0.31-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.16.04.2TGYk-=,d5-??wz}'Hr*s+u24mysql_native_password

为了以防万一,我还为主机127.0.0.1创建了一个具有grant选项的用户:

mysql > CREATE USER 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '';
mysql > GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' WITH GRANT OPTION;

以下是有关用户的一些信息(@ brian-ecker建议的查询):

MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT User, Host, plugin FROM mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+-------------+
| User             | Host      | plugin      |
+------------------+-----------+-------------+
| root             | localhost | unix_socket |
| root             | 127.0.0.1 |             |
+------------------+-----------+-------------+

我还尝试创建一个由unix_socket标识的root用户,但没有它帮助:

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED VIA unix_socket;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'127.0.0.1' WITH GRANT OPTION;
MariaDB [(none)]> SELECT User, Host, plugin FROM mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+-------------+
| User             | Host      | plugin      |
+------------------+-----------+-------------+
| root             | localhost | unix_socket |
| root             | 127.0.0.1 | unix_socket |
+------------------+-----------+-------------+

您对我为什么可以通过"localhost"而不是"127.0.0.1"进行连接有什么建议吗？

通过将其添加到MySQL配置解决了它:

skip-name-resolve       = 1

来自MySQL文档:

如果为OFF,则mysqld在检查客户端连接时解析主机名.如果它是ON,mysqld只使用IP号码; 在这种情况下,授权表中的所有主机列值必须是IP地址或localhost.