Windows文件系统不区分大小写.如果给定一个文件/文件夹名称(例如"somefile"),我得到该文件/文件夹的实际名称(例如,如果Explorer显示它,它应该返回"SomeFile")?
我知道的一些方法,所有这些看起来都很倒退:
给定完整路径,搜索路径上的每个文件夹(通过FindFirstFile).这给出了每个文件夹的正确结果.在最后一步,搜索文件本身.
从句柄获取文件名(如MSDN示例中所示).这需要打开文件,创建文件映射,获取它的名称,解析设备名称等.相当复杂.它不适用于文件夹或零大小的文件.
我错过了一些明显的WinAPI电话吗?最简单的一个,比如GetActualPathName()或GetFullPathName()使用传入的大小写返回名称(例如,如果传入,则返回"程序文件",即使它应该是"Program Files").
我正在寻找原生解决方案(不是.NET).
在此我根据cspirz的原始答案回答我自己的问题.
这是一个给定绝对路径,相对路径或网络路径的函数,它将返回大小写的路径,就像在Windows上显示的那样.如果路径的某个组件不存在,它将从该点返回传入的路径.
它非常复杂,因为它试图处理网络路径和其他边缘情况.它在宽字符串上运行,并使用std :: wstring.是的,理论上Unicode TCHAR可能与wchar_t不同; 这是读者的练习:)
std::wstring GetActualPathName( const wchar_t* path ) { // This is quite involved, but the meat is SHGetFileInfo const wchar_t kSeparator = L'\\'; // copy input string because we'll be temporary modifying it in place size_t length = wcslen(path); wchar_t buffer[MAX_PATH]; memcpy( buffer, path, (length+1) * sizeof(path[0]) ); size_t i = 0; std::wstring result; // for network paths (\\server\share\RestOfPath), getting the display // name mangles it into unusable form (e.g. "\\server\share" turns // into "share on server (server)"). So detect this case and just skip // up to two path components if( length >= 2 && buffer[0] == kSeparator && buffer[1] == kSeparator ) { int skippedCount = 0; i = 2; // start after '\\' while( i < length && skippedCount < 2 ) { if( buffer[i] == kSeparator ) ++skippedCount; ++i; } result.append( buffer, i ); } // for drive names, just add it uppercased else if( length >= 2 && buffer[1] == L':' ) { result += towupper(buffer[0]); result += L':'; if( length >= 3 && buffer[2] == kSeparator ) { result += kSeparator; i = 3; // start after drive, colon and separator } else { i = 2; // start after drive and colon } } size_t lastComponentStart = i; bool addSeparator = false; while( i < length ) { // skip until path separator while( i < length && buffer[i] != kSeparator ) ++i; if( addSeparator ) result += kSeparator; // if we found path separator, get real filename of this // last path name component bool foundSeparator = (i < length); buffer[i] = 0; SHFILEINFOW info; // nuke the path separator so that we get real name of current path component info.szDisplayName[0] = 0; if( SHGetFileInfoW( buffer, 0, &info, sizeof(info), SHGFI_DISPLAYNAME ) ) { result += info.szDisplayName; } else { // most likely file does not exist. // So just append original path name component. result.append( buffer + lastComponentStart, i - lastComponentStart ); } // restore path separator that we might have nuked before if( foundSeparator ) buffer[i] = kSeparator; ++i; lastComponentStart = i; addSeparator = true; } return result; }
再次,感谢cspirz指向SHGetFileInfo.